investiture of the Lamb (v 8). This focal revelation is followed by expressions of hymnic joy chanted by the twenty-four elders (vv 9–10), by an innumerable host of angels (v 12), by all created beings throughout the cosmos (v 13), with a concluding “amen” uttered by the four cherubim. What is the significance of the scroll, and why is the Lamb alone able to open it? The scroll represents the final and fully predetermined stage in God’s redemptive purpose for the world, which will unfold between